PERIYAR E.V. RAMASAMY
PERIYAR E.V. RAMASAMY was born on September 17, 1879 at Erode town in Tamil Nadu State - India. His Fathers name was VENKATA (NAICKER) A popular rich merchant, and his mothers name was CHINNA THAYAMMAL alias MUTHAMMAL.
Periyar Father Periyar Mother
PERIYAR E.V. RAMASAMY was born on September 17, 1879 at Erode town in Tamil Nadu State - India. His Fathers name was VENKATA (NAICKER) A popular rich merchant, and his mothers name was CHINNA THAYAMMAL alias MUTHAMMAL.Periyar Father Periyar Mother
At the age of Six He was sent to a small primary school normally run at a House - pial in those days and his school career ended within 5 years(i.e) at the age of 10 Years. After two years he entered his father's trade.He used to hear Tamil Vaishnav religious Gurus talks on mythologies at his house, enjoying hospitability of his parents. As a boy, he started questioning the contradictions and absurdities in the fables of Hindu deities spread by the Arya Race ie., Brahmins for subjugating Dravidian Race.Blossoming of rationalism and atheism slowly in the mind of this youth - Ramasamy.
He married NAGAMMAL, aged 13 and he reformed his orthadox wife and sowed rationalistic views in her mind. He undertook "renunciation" of family because of the harsh reprimand of his father. He went first to Vijayawada in Andhra State. Then he proceeded to Hyderabad and Kolkatta.
INSULT AT KAASI
He reached Kaasi (Varanasi), a noted sacred town of Hindu pilgrimage on the bank of the River Ganges. There he could not get free meals easily at choultries which exclusively fed Brahmins forbidding other Hindu castes. Having starved severely for some days, this handsome young man Ramasamy found no other better way than to enter a choultry with the appearance of a Brahmin wearing a thread on his bare chest. But his moustache betrayed him. So the gate-keeper not only prevented his entry but also pushed him rudely to the street.
At that moment, as the feast was over inside the choultry, the leaves with food left over were thrown at the street. The unbearable burning hunger for the past few days forced Ramasamy to compete with the street - dogs in eating the remnants of food in the leaves. While eating that food, the eyes of Ramasamy looked at the letters carved on the front wall of the building. They revealed the truth that the choultry exclusively occupied by the highest caste viz., Brahmins, had been built only by a wealthy merchant of Dravidian Race from Tamil Nadu.
1905 onwards : SELFLESS SOCIAL SERVICES
Besides being a well-known wealthy businessman in Erode Mr. E.V.R. entered into public life by rendering social services selflessly. Periyar joined the Indian National Congress in 1919, but resigned in 1925 when he felt that the party was only serving the interests of the Brahmins.In 1924, Periyar led a non-violent agitation (satyagraha) in Vaikom, Kerala. From 1929 to 1932 toured Malaysia, Europe, and Russia, which had an influence on him.
Dravidar Kazhagam
In 1939, Periyar became the head of the Justice Party, and in 1944, he changed its name to Dravidar Kazhagam.The party later split and one group led by C. N. Annadurai formed the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) in 1949. While continuing the Self-Respect Movement, he advocated for an independent Dravida Nadu
Periyar propagated the principles of rationalism, self-respect, women’s rights and eradication of caste. He opposed the exploitation and marginalization of the non-Brahmin indigenous Dravidian peoples of South India and the imposition of, what he considered, Indo-Aryan India. His work has greatly revolutionized Tamil society and has significantly removed caste-based discrimination.
He is also responsible for bringing new changes to the Tamil alphabet. However, at the same time, Periyar is also held responsible for making controversial statements on the Tamil language, Dalits and Brahmins and for endorsing violence against Brahmins. The citation awarded by the UNESCO described Periyar as "the prophet of the new age, the Socrates of South East Asia, father of social reform movement and arch enemy of ignorance, superstitions, meaningless customs and base manners".
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